Cash register and indicator



UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

WILLIAM T. MGGRAW, OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN.

CASH REGISTER AND INDICATOR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 519,922, dated May 15,1894.

Serial No. 487,278. (No model.)

To aZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, WILLIAM T. MOGRAW, a citizen of the United States,residing at Detroit, county of Wayne, State of Michigan, have invented acertain new and useful Improvement in Cash-Registers; and I declare thefollowing to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention,such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it pertains tomake and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings,which form a part of this specification.

This invention relates to cash registers, and has for its objectimprovements pertaining to the registering mechanism employed inconnection with what are known as tablet machines. The registeringdevicein machines of this kind is intended to enable the user of themachine to know, from an inspection of the register, how many times anyparticular part of the machine has been operated, how many times anyparticular tablet key has been used and its tablet exposed, and how muchmoney ought to be found in the drawer connected with the machine tocorrespond with the indicating operations that have been performed onthe machine.

The apparatus devised by me to produce this result consists primarily ofa screw on which are a number of threaded ratchet wheels or burrs,having peripheral ratchet teeth that run on the threads of the screw, aforward motion to the ratchet wheel being produced at each indicatingoperation of the key in connection with which it operates. The peripheryof the ratchet wheel is divided into numbers corresponding to the numberupon the indicating tablet operated in connection with the same key, andat each revolution of the ratchet wheel, it advances along a scale barwhich lies parallel with the axis of the screw, and indicates to theuser at a glance how many times the ratchet wheel revolved on its ownaxis, the scale on the ratchet wheel itself indicating what part of arevo lution on its own axis theratchet wheel has made in addition to thenumber of complete revolutions indicated on the scale bar. There is thusat once indicated on the scale bar and the ratchet wheel the number ofstrokes that have been given to the key and the number of times that theindicating tablet operating in connection with that key has been exposedto view, and the operator or examiner knows what amount of money heshould find in the cash drawer to correspond with the indications on theregister mechanism.

Other improvements will be described and pointed out in thespecification and claims.

In the drawings, Figure 1 shows in perspective a cash register with myregistering device inclosed therein, a part of the front case beingbroken away to show the interior work. Fig. 2 is a sectional elevationshowing the action of a single key on the registering ratchet wheel andthe readj usting device by which the keys are released from the ratchet.Fig. 3 is an enlarged detail View of the screw ratchet wheel andreadjusting bar. Fig. 4 is a sectional elevation, showinga ratchet wheeland its connection with the other parts of the register, and showing thereadjusting lever by means of which the ratchet wheels are released fromall holding pawls to enable the operator to turn them backward andreadjust them at the zero point.

A indicates the case or shell of a register, of which the key-board (orprotruding ends of the keys) is at B, and-the slot for the inspection oftablets that have been lifted for purposes of inspection is at C. Iprefer to use a tablet key made in a single piece in the form of a bellcrank lever having a pro= truding finger piece end 1, an interior tabletcarrying end 3, and a depending register actuating end 4. These arejournaled on a bar 2, which extends across the frame from end to end.The depending register actuating arm 4 extends radially from the shaft2, and terminates at its extremity with the hardened plate 5 thattravels in a circular are partially around the center of the bar 2, inan are which interferes with the line of travel of a ratchet wheel 6mounted on a screw 10. The face piece 5 has a length parallel with theaxis of the screw 10 sufficient to enable it to continue to engage theteeth ofthe ratchet wheel 6 while the ratchet is traversing the screw 10by turning along the screw and several revolutions around it. The screw10 itself is journaled in an auxiliary frame, of which the two endpieces are indicated at 9 and 9 (The end piece 9 is shown in Fig. 4, andthe end piece 9 is shown in Fig. 2.) The two (No Model.) f 2Sheets-Sheet 2.

J. POLUHKANIS. ORGAN.

No. 519,925. Pate nted May 15, 1894.

UNITED STATES PATENT ()FFICE.

JERZY POLUKANIS, OF BLOOMFIELD, NEW JERSEY.

ORGAN.

Q SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 519,925, dated May15, 1894.

A plication filed duly 29,1893. Serial No. 481,843. (No model.)

To aZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, J ERZY POLUKANIS, of Bloomfield, in the county ofEssex and State of New Jersey, have invented a new and Improved Organ,ofwhich the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

The invention relates to organs such as shown and described in'theLetters Patent of the United States No. 499,036, granted to me on June6, 1893.

The object of the present invention is to provide certain new and usefulimprovements in organs, whereby the pipes can be quickly sounded topermit the performer to execute any desired passage of music in theproper time.

The invention consists of certain parts and details, and combinations ofthe same, as will be hereinafter described and then pointed out in theclaims.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part ofthis specification, in which similar letters of reference indicatecorresponding parts in all the figures.

Figure l is a sectional side elevation of the improvement. Fig. 2 is atransverse section of the same on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is asectional plan view of the same on the line 38 of Fig. 1. Fig. 4: is asectional side elevation of the improvement as arranged for an organ ofdifferent construction. Fig. 5 is a similar view of the improvement asapplied to another form of organ; and Fig. 6 is a similar view of theimprovement as applied to another form of organ.

In my patent above referred to I employ a pneumatic valve having acasing and a sliding leak piston, but I find that a swinging leak pistonin a casing, of which part can be adjusted to increase or decrease theleaking capacity, is more advantageous.

The improvement consists principally in a self-acting pneumatic valveprovided with a swinging leak piston Apivoted in a casing B attached tothe wind box 0, containing the pallets D connecting the wind box withthe wind chest E connected in the usual manner with the pipes to besounded. Into the wind box 0 discharges the trunk leading from thebellows in the usual manner. One end of the valve casing B connects by apipe F with an exhaust valve adapted to be actuated from the keys, so asto permit air to escape from the pipe F and the pneumatic valve foractuating the leak piston A in the manner hereinafter more fullydescribed.

The casing B, as illustrated in Fig. 1, is provided with a channel Bconnecting the interior of the casing containing the piston A with thewind box 0, and a second channel B is also formed in the said casing Bto connect with a pneumatic action G of any approved construction, andconnected with the corresponding pallet D. By this arrangement thepneumatic action G opens or closes the corresponding pallet D so as topermit the wind to pass from the wind box 0 to the wind chest E, and thepipes to be sounded. Thus, when air is released from the pipe F andcasing B, by the performer manipulating the keys or pedals, the saidleakpiston A is actuated by'a preponderance of air pressure from thewind box 0, to connect the latter with the pneumatic action G or toconnect the latter with the outer air so that the pneumatic actionactuates the corresponding pallet D. The latter is thus opened and airfrom the wind box 0 passes to the wind chest E to sound the pipes.

The leak piston A may be of various constructions, some of the principalforms being illustrated in the drawings, the construction of the pistondepending to a large extent on the special construction of the pneumaticaction Gand its location, either inside or outside of the wind box 0.

As illustrated in Fig. 1, the leak piston A is pivoted at A within thecasing B, and its free end is connected by a rod H with a valve I,adapted to open and close the channel B leading from the channel. 13 tothe outside. This valve I is hinged on the outside of the casing B, asplainly illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2. The free end of the leak piston A,when in its normal position closes the channel B while the lower end ofthe channel B is open, and when the leak piston A swings upward on thereduction of air in the pipe F, then the valve I closes the channel B topermit air to pass from the wind box 0 into the channel B to thepneumatic action G, so as to cause the latter to open, whereby thecorresponding pallet D is open and air can pass from the wind box 0 intothe wind chest E,

and to the pipes to be sounded. As soon as the reduction of pressure inthe pipe F ceases, the leak piston A again closes, so that the valve Iopens,it being understood that a sufficient amount of air leaks past thepiston A from the channel B and channel B to permit the said piston toseat itself and to close the upper end of channel B In order to increaseor diminish the leakage between the piston A and the sides of the casingB in which the piston is located,Iprefer to make one of the parts of thecasin g containing the piston adjustable, so as to move this part nearerto or farther from the corresponding edge of the piston A. As showninFig. 1, the movable part B of the casing B is held on a screw J, mountedto turn in a fixed portion of the casing B. The head of the screwextends to the outside of the casing, so as to permit the operator toconveniently apply a suitable tool such as a screw-driver to turn thescrew in its bearings, to move the movable part B inward oroutward,nearer to or farther from the corresponding edge of the piston B, thusdecreasing or increasing the leakage of the piston and the casing.

As illustrated in Fig. 4, the piston A is pivoted near its middle in thecasing A, and the pipe F connects by a channel B with the under side ofthe free end of the said piston so that a reduction of pressure in thepipe F causes this endof the piston to swing downward,while the otherend rises to uncover the channel B connected with the channel 13 leadingto the pneumatic action L. At the same time, this end of the piston Acauses a closing of the valve I on the lower end of the channel Bleading to the channel B As soon as the reduction of pressure in thepipe F ceases, the piston A swings back to its normal position, therebyopening the valve I and closing the upper end of the channel 13 leadinginto the interior of the casing A, at the same time connecting thechannel B with the lower and now open end of the channel B leading tothe outside.

As illustrated in Fig. 5, the pneumatic action G is located within thewind box 0 and directly connected with the pallet D. In this case thevalve 1' is of disk-form and, is adapted to be seated on seats B and 13formed within the channel 13 at its junction with the channel B Now,when a reduction of air pressure takes place in the pipe F, one end ofthe piston A swings downward while the other end carrying the valve Iswings upward to permit the valve 1 to seat itself on the seat 13, thusconnecting the channel 13 with the channel B leading to the outside. Airwithin the action G now passes to the outside, owing to thepreponderance of pressure of air in the wind box 0, so that the pallet Dheld on the pneumatic action is opened and air passes to the pipes.

As shown in Fig. 6, the pneumatic action is entirely dispensed with andthe piston A is directly connected with the pallet D. Now when air isexhausted through pipe F, the piston swings downward thereby opening thepallet D to permit the wind to pass from the wind box 0, to the windchest E and the pipes.

It will be seen that by this arrangement the pallets will respondinstantaneously to the action of the air pressure on the manipulation ofthe keys, so that the pipes can be very quickly sounded and any desiredpassage of music can be executed in the proper time.

Having thus fully described my invention, Iclaim as new and desire tosecure by Letters Patent 1. In an organ action, the combination with thepallet, D, opening downward, and the easing, B, of the swinging leakpiston, A, which is separated by a narrow space, at one side, from theadjacent side of the casing, so that air may leak past said piston topermit it to seat automatically and thus close the communicating airpassage, as and for the purpose specified.

2. An organ, provided with a pneumatic valve, comprising a casing havingan adjustable part, and a leak piston mounted to swing within the saidcasing and arranged to permit air to leak between the adjustable partand one end of the piston, substantially as shown and described.

J ERZY POLUKANIS.

WVitnesses:

THEo. G. HOSTER, C. SEncwIoK.

